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前言
采集应用程序崩溃信息,主要分为以下两种场景:
- NSException 异常
- Unix 信号异常
一、NSException 异常
NSException 异常是 Objective-C 代码抛出的异常。在 iOS 应用程序中,最常见就是通过 @throw 抛出的异常。比如,常见的数组越界访问异常。
1.1 捕获 NSException
我们可以通过 NSSetUNcaughtExceptionHandle 函数来全局设置异常处理函数,然后手机异常堆栈信息并触发响应的事件($AppCrashed),来实现 NSException 异常的全埋点。
第一步:在 SensorsSDK 项目中创建 SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler 类,并增加 + sharedInstance 方法并实现
#import
NS\_ASSUME\_NONNULL\_BEGIN
@interface SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler : NSObject
+ (instancetype)sharedInstance;
@end
NS\_ASSUME\_NONNULL\_END
@implementation SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler
+ (instancetype)sharedInstance {
static SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler *instance = nil;
static dispatch\_once\_t onceToken;
dispatch\_once(&onceToken, ^{
instance = [[SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler alloc] init];
});
return instance;
}
@end
第二步:实现 -init ,并通过 NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler 函数全局设置异常处理函数,然后再全局处理函数中采集异常信息,并触发 $AppCrashed 事件。其中,异常的堆栈信息会放到 $app_crashed_reason 事件属性中。
//
// SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler.m
// SensorsSDK
//
// Created by renhao on 2022/4/22.
//
#import "SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler.h"
#import "SensorsAnalyticsSDK.h"
@implementation SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler
+ (instancetype)sharedInstance {
static SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler *instance = nil;
static dispatch\_once\_t onceToken;
dispatch\_once(&onceToken, ^{
instance = [[SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler alloc] init];
});
return instance;
}
- (instancetype)init {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(&sensorsdata_uncaught_excepting_handler);
}
return self;
}
static void sensorsdata_uncaught_excepting_handler(NSException *exception) {
// 采集 $AppCrashec 事件
[[SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler sharedInstance] trackAppCrashedWithException:exception];
}
- (void)trackAppCrashedWithException:(NSException *)exception {
NSMutableDictionary *properties = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
// 异常名称
NSString *name = [exception name];
// 出现异常的原因
NSString *reason = [exception reason];
// 异常的堆栈信息
NSArray *stacks = [exception callStackSymbols];
// 将异常信息组装
NSString *exceptionInfo = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Exception name: %@\n Exception reason: %@\n Exception stack: %@", name, reason, stacks];
properties[@"$app\_crashed\_reason"] = exceptionInfo;
[[SensorsAnalyticsSDK sharedInstance] track:@"$AppCrashed" properties:properties];
NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(NULL);
}
@end
第三步:在 SensorsAnalyticsSDK 的 - initWithServerURL: 方法中初始化 SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler 的单例对象
#import "SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler.h"
- (instancetype)initWithServerURL:(NSString *)urlString {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
_automaticProperties = [self collectAutomaticProperties];
// 设置是否需是被动启动标记
_launchedPassively = UIApplication.sharedApplication.backgroundTimeRemaining != UIApplicationBackgroundFetchIntervalNever;
_loginId = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:SensorsAnalyticsLoginId];
_trackTimer = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
_enterBackgroundTrackTimerEvents = [NSMutableArray array];
_fileStroe = [[SensorsAnalyticsFileStore alloc] init];
_database = [[SensorsAnalyticsDatabase alloc] init];
_network = [[SensorsAnalyticsNetwork alloc] initWithServerURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlString]];
NSString *queueLabel = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"cn.sensorsdata.%@.%p", self.class, self];
_serialQueue = dispatch_queue_create(queueLabel.UTF8String, DISPATCH\_QUEUE\_SERIAL);
_flushBulkSize = 100;
_flushInterval = 15;
[SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler sharedInstance];
// 添加应用程序状态监听
[self setupListeners];
[self startFlushTimer];
}
return self;
}
第四步:测试验证
NSArray *array = @[@"first"];
NSLog(@"%@", array[1]);
{
"propeerties" : {
"$model" : "arm64",
"$manufacturer" : "Apple",
"$app\_crashed\_reason" : "Exception name: NSRangeException\n Exception reason: *** -[\_\_NSSingleObjectArrayI objectAtIndex:]: index 1 beyond bounds [0 .. 0]\n Exception stack: (\n\t0 CoreFoundation 0x00000001803f25e4 \_\_exceptionPreprocess + 236\n\t1 libobjc.A.dylib 0x000000018019813c objc\_exception\_throw + 56\n\t2 CoreFoundation 0x000000018043da14 -[\_\_NSSingleObjectArrayI getObjects:range:] + 0\n\t3 Demo 0x0000000100b0bbc0 -[ViewController tableView:didSelectRowAtIndexPath:] + 696\n\t4 CoreFoundation 0x00000001803f8aa0 \_\_invoking\_\_\_ + 144\n\t5 CoreFoundation 0x00000001803f5fc8 -[NSInvocation invoke] + 300\n\t6 CoreFoundation 0x00000001803f6288 -[NSInvocation invokeWithTarget:] + 76\n\t7 SensorsSDK libc++abi: terminating with uncaught exception of type NSException
0x0000000100ea9210 -[SensorsAnalyticsDelegateProxy forwardInvocation:] + 96\n\t8 CoreFoundation 0x00000001803f6594 \_\_\_forwarding\_\_\_ + 736\n\t9 CoreFoundation 0x00000001803f88ec \_CF\_forwarding\_prep\_0 + 92\n\t10 UIKitCore 0x0000000184fa79a4 -[UITableView \_selectRowAtIndexPath:animated:scrollPosition:notifyDelegate:isCellMultiSelect:deselectPrevious:] + 1620\n\t11 UIKitCore 0x0000000184fa7338 -[UITableView \_selectRowAtIndexPath:animated:scrollPosition:notifyDelegate:] + 112\n\t12 UIKitCore 0x0000000184fa7c20 -[UITableView \_userSelectRowAtPendingSelectionIndexPath:] + 316\n\t13 UIKitCore 0x0000000185287568 -[\_UIAfterCACommitBlock run] + 64\n\t14 UIKitCore 0x0000000185287a3c -[\_UIAfterCACommitQueue flush] + 188\n\t15 libdispatch.dylib 0x00000001010f433c \_dispatch\_call\_block\_and\_release + 24\n\t16 libdispatch.dylib 0x00000001010f5b94 \_dispatch\_client\_callout + 16\n\t17 libdispatch.dylib 0x0000000101104650 \_dispatch\_main\_queue\_drain + 1064\n\t18 libdispatch.dylib 0x0000000101104218 \_dispatch\_main\_queue\_callback\_4CF + 40\n\t19 CoreFoundation 0x0000000180360218 \_\_CFRUNLOOP\_IS\_SERVICING\_THE\_MAIN\_DISPATCH\_QUEUE\_\_ + 12\n\t20 CoreFoundation 0x000000018035a69c \_\_CFRunLoopRun + 2432\n\t21 CoreFoundation 0x0000000180359804 CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 572\n\t22 GraphicsServices 0x000000018c23660c GSEventRunModal + 160\n\t23 UIKitCore 0x0000000184d7bd2c -[UIApplication \_run] + 992\n\t24 UIKitCore 0x0000000184d808c8 UIApplicationMain + 112\n\t25 Demo 0x0000000100b0c334 main + 128\n\t26 dyld 0x0000000100df5cd8 start\_sim + 20\n\t27 ??? 0x0000000100b3d0f4 0x0 + 4306751732\n\t28 ??? 0xac3c800000000000 0x0 + 12410935410614599680\n)",
"$lib\_version" : "1.0.0",
"$os" : "iOS",
"$app\_version" : "1.0",
"$os\_version" : "15.4",
"$lib" : "iOS"
},
"event" : "$AppCrashed",
"time" : 1650616086146,
"distinct\_id" : "3E0DD30F-4F2F-425C-8323-FA43C149CE27"
}
1.2 传递 UncaughtExceptionHandler
问题描述:在应用程序实际开发过程中,可能会采集多个 SDK,如果这些 SDK 都按照上面介绍的方法采集异常信息,总会有一些 SDK 采集不到异常信息。这是因为通过 NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler 函数设置的是一个全局异常处理函数,后面设置的异常处理函数会自动覆盖前面设置的异常处理函数。
解决方法:在调用 NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler 函数设置全局异常处理函数前,先通过 NSGetUncaughtExceptionHandler 函数获取之前已设置的异常处理函数并保存,在处理完异常信息采集后,再主动调用已备份的处理函数(让所有的异常处理函数形成链条),即可解决上面提到的覆盖问题。
#import "SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler.h"
#import "SensorsAnalyticsSDK.h"
@interface SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler()
/// 保存之前已设置的异常处理函数
@property (nonatomic) NSUncaughtExceptionHandler *previousExceptionHandler;
@end
@implementation SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler
+ (instancetype)sharedInstance {
static SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler *instance = nil;
static dispatch\_once\_t onceToken;
dispatch\_once(&onceToken, ^{
instance = [[SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler alloc] init];
});
return instance;
}
- (instancetype)init {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
_previousExceptionHandler = NSGetUncaughtExceptionHandler();
NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(&sensorsdata_uncaught_excepting_handler);
}
return self;
}
static void sensorsdata_uncaught_excepting_handler(NSException *exception) {
// 采集 $AppCrashec 事件
[[SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler sharedInstance] trackAppCrashedWithException:exception];
NSUncaughtExceptionHandler *handle = [SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler sharedInstance].previousExceptionHandler;
if (handle) {
handle(exception);
}
}
- (void)trackAppCrashedWithException:(NSException *)exception {
NSMutableDictionary *properties = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
// 异常名称
NSString *name = [exception name];
// 出现异常的原因
NSString *reason = [exception reason];
// 异常的堆栈信息
NSArray *stacks = [exception callStackSymbols];
// 将异常信息组装
NSString *exceptionInfo = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Exception name: %@\n Exception reason: %@\n Exception stack: %@", name, reason, stacks];
properties[@"$app\_crashed\_reason"] = exceptionInfo;
[[SensorsAnalyticsSDK sharedInstance] track:@"$AppCrashed" properties:properties];
NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(NULL);
}
@end
二、捕获信号
2.1 Mach 异常和 Unix 信号
Mach 是 Mac OS 和 iOS 操作系统的微内核,Mach 异常就是最底层的内核级异常。在 iOS 系统中,每个 Thread、Task、Host 都有一个异常端口数据。开发者可以通过设置 Thread、Task、Host 的异常端口来捕获 Mach 异常。Mach 异常会被转换成相应的 Unix 信号,并传递给出错的线程。
2.2 捕获 Unix 信号异常
第一步:新增捕获 Unix 信号的处理函数
static NSString * const SensorsDataSignalExceptionHandlerName = @"SignalExceptionHandler";
static NSString * const SensorsDataSignalExceptionHandlerUserInfo = @"SignalExceptionHandlerUserIfo";
static void sensorsdata_signal_exception_handler(int sig, struct __siginfo *info, void *context) {
NSDictionary *userInfo = @{SensorsDataSignalExceptionHandlerUserInfo: @(sig)};
NSString *reason = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Signal %d was raised.", sig];
// 创建一个异常对象, 用于采集异常信息
NSException *exception = [NSException exceptionWithName:SensorsDataSignalExceptionHandlerName reason:reason userInfo:userInfo];
SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler *handler = [SensorsAnalyticsExtensionHandler sharedInstance];
[handler trackAppCrashedWithException:exception];
}
第二步:在 - init 初始化方法中,注册信号处理函数
- (instancetype)init {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
_previousExceptionHandler = NSGetUncaughtExceptionHandler();
NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(&sensorsdata_uncaught_excepting_handler);
// 定义信号集结构体
struct sigaction sig;
// 将信号集初始化为空
sigemptyset(&sig.sa_mask);
// 在处理函数中传入\_\_siginfo参数
sig.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
// 设置信号集处理函数
sig.sa_sigaction = &sensorsdata_signal_exception_handler;
// 定义需要采集的信号类型
int signals[] = {SIGILL, SIGABRT, SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGSEGV};
for(int i = 0; i < sizeof(signals) / sizeof(int); i++){
// 注册信号处理
int err = sigaction(signals[i], &sig, NULL);
if (err) {
NSLog(@"Errored while trying to set up sigaction for signal %d", signals[i]);
}
}
}
return self;
}
第三步:修改 - trackAppCrashedWithException: 方法,当异常对象中没有堆栈信息时,就是默认获取当前线程的堆栈信息(由于 Unix 信息异常对象是我们自己构建的,因此并没有堆栈信息)
- (void)trackAppCrashedWithException:(NSException *)exception {
NSMutableDictionary *properties = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
// 异常名称
NSString *name = [exception name];
// 出现异常的原因
NSString *reason = [exception reason];
// 异常的堆栈信息
NSArray *stacks = [exception callStackSymbols] ?: [NSThread callStackSymbols];
// 将异常信息组装
NSString *exceptionInfo = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Exception name: %@\n Exception reason: %@\n Exception stack: %@", name, reason, stacks];
properties[@"$app\_crashed\_reason"] = exceptionInfo;
[[SensorsAnalyticsSDK sharedInstance] track:@"$AppCrashed" properties:properties];
// 获取 seasorsAnalyticsSDK 中的 serialQueue
dispatch\_queue\_t serialQueue = [[SensorsAnalyticsSDK sharedInstance] valueForKey:@"serialQueue"];
// 阻塞当前的线程,让 serialQueue 执行完成
dispatch\_sync(serialQueue, ^{});
// 获取数据存储是的线程
dispatch\_queue\_t databaseQueue = [[SensorsAnalyticsSDK sharedInstance] valueForKey:@"database.queue"];
// 阻塞当前线程,让 $AppCrashed 事件完成入库
dispatch\_sync(databaseQueue, ^{});
NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(NULL);
int signals[] = {SIGILL, SIGABRT, SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGSEGV};
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(signals) / sizeof(int); i ++) {
signal(signals[i], SIG_DFL);
}
}
第四步:测试验证
三、采集应用程序异常时的 $AppEnd 事件
通过监听应用程序的状态 (UIApplicationDidEnterBackgroundNotification),实现了 $AppEnd 事件的全埋点。但是,一旦应用程序发生异常,我们将采集不到 $AppEnd 事件,这样会造成在用户的行为序列中,出现 $AppStart 事件和 $AppEnd 事件不成对的情况。因此,在应用程序发生崩溃时,我们需要补发 $AppEnd 事件。
第一步:在 - trackAppCrashedWithException: 方法中,补发 $AppEnd 事件
- (void)trackAppCrashedWithException:(NSException *)exception {
NSMutableDictionary *properties = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
// 异常名称
NSString *name = [exception name];
// 出现异常的原因
NSString *reason = [exception reason];
// 异常的堆栈信息
NSArray *stacks = [exception callStackSymbols] ?: [NSThread callStackSymbols];
// 将异常信息组装
NSString *exceptionInfo = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Exception name: %@\n Exception reason: %@\n Exception stack: %@", name, reason, stacks];
properties[@"$app\_crashed\_reason"] = exceptionInfo;
[[SensorsAnalyticsSDK sharedInstance] track:@"$AppCrashed" properties:properties];
// 采集 $AppEnd 回调 block
dispatch_block_t trackAppEndBlock = ^ {
// 判断应用是否处于运行状态
if (UIApplication.sharedApplication.applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {
// 触发事件
[[SensorsAnalyticsSDK sharedInstance] track:@"$AppEnd" properties:nil];
}
};
// 获取主线程
dispatch\_queue\_t mainQueue = dispatch_get_main_queue();
// 判断当前线程是否为主线程
if (strcmp(dispatch_queue_get_label(DISPATCH_CURRENT_QUEUE_LABEL), dispatch_queue_get_label(mainQueue)) == 0) {
// 如果当前线程是主线程,直接调用 block
trackAppEndBlock();
} else {
// 如果当前线程不是主线程,同步调用block
dispatch\_sync(mainQueue, trackAppEndBlock);
}
// 获取 seasorsAnalyticsSDK 中的 serialQueue
dispatch\_queue\_t serialQueue = [[SensorsAnalyticsSDK sharedInstance] valueForKey:@"serialQueue"];
// 阻塞当前的线程,让 serialQueue 执行完成
dispatch\_sync(serialQueue, ^{});
// 获取数据存储是的线程
dispatch\_queue\_t databaseQueue = [[SensorsAnalyticsSDK sharedInstance] valueForKey:@"database.queue"];
// 阻塞当前线程,让 $AppCrashed 事件完成入库
dispatch\_sync(databaseQueue, ^{});
NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(NULL);
int signals[] = {SIGILL, SIGABRT, SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGSEGV};
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(signals) / sizeof(int); i ++) {
signal(signals[i], SIG_DFL);
}
}
第二步:测试验证
转载请注明:xuhss » iOS全埋点解决方案-采集崩溃