关于 vue2.x 的 $attrs 和 $listeners

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$attrs

$attrs 用于多层次组件传递参数(组件标签的attribute,class和style除外),爷爷辈组件向孙子辈组件传递参数(注:参数不能被父辈prop识别,一旦被父辈prop识别且获取,则孙子辈组件不能获取到该参数

写法如下:(注:v-bind不能用简写 :

<grand-son v-bind="$attrs" />

下面举个栗子:

爷爷(GrandFather)向父亲(Father)传递一个 msg1

向孙子(GrandSon)传递一个 msg2,孙子会一并接收 msg1(然而被父亲接走了,所以孙子收不到 msg1


<template>
  <div>
    GrandFather:
    <father :msg1="msg1" :msg2="msg2" />
  div>
template>

<script>
import Father from './Father.vue'
export default {
 components: { Father },
 data() {
 return {
 msg1: 'msg1',
 msg2: 'msg2'
 }
 }
}
script>

<template>
  <div>
    Father: {{ msg1 }}
    <grand-son v-bind="$attrs" />
  div>
template>

<script>
import GrandSon from './GrandSon.vue'
export default {
 components: { GrandSon },
 props: ['msg1']
}
script>

<template>
  <div>GrandSon: {{ msg1 }}{{ msg2 }}div>
template>

<script>
export default {
 props: ['msg1', 'msg2']
}
script>

界面现实结果:

GrandFather:
Father: msg1
GrandSon: msg2

$listeners

$listeners 用于多层次组件传递事件监听器,爷爷辈组件向父辈、孙子辈、曾孙子辈……组件传递事件(与 $attrs 不同,不存在半路被拦截的情况)

写法如下:(注:v-on 不能用简写 @,虽然不报错,但是也不生效)

<grand-son v-on="$listeners" />

下面继续使用 爷爷-> 父亲 -> 孙子 的栗子:

爷爷(GrandFather)给父亲(Father)绑定一个 click 事件

父亲通过点击 div 触发 click 事件,同时向孙子(GrandSon)传递 $listeners


<template>
  <div>
    GrandFather:
    <father :msg1="msg1" :msg2="msg2" @click="handleClick" />
  div>
template>

<script>
import Father from './Father.vue'
export default {
 components: { Father },
 data() {
 return {
 msg1: 'msg1',
 msg2: 'msg2'
 }
 },
 methods: {
 handleClick() {
 console.log('trriger click')
 }
 }
}
script>

<template>
  <div>
    <div @click="handleFatherClick">Father: {{ msg1 }}div>
    <grand-son v-bind="$attrs" v-on="$listeners" />
  div>
template>

<script>
import GrandSon from './GrandSon.vue'
export default {
 components: { GrandSon },
 props: ['msg1'],
 methods: {
 handleFatherClick() {
 console.log('father click')
 this.$emit('click')
 }
 }
}
script>

<template>
  <div @click="handleSonClick">GrandSon: {{ msg1 }}{{ msg2 }}div>
template>

<script>
export default {
 props: ['msg1', 'msg2'],
 methods: {
 handleSonClick() {
 console.log('grandson click')
 this.$emit('click')
 }
 }
}
script>

界面:

GrandFather:
Father: msg1
GrandSon: msg2

点击 Father: msg1,控制台显示:

father click
trriger click

点击 GrandSon: msg2,控制台显示:

grandson click
trriger click

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